Characterization of the hemiplegic patient due to cerebrovascular disease in Pinar del Río. 2024

Abstract

Introduction: hemiplegias are in most cases consequences of cerebrovascular diseases, which cause limitation of the functional capacity of the affected people.

Objective: to characterize hemiplegic patients due to cerebrovascular disease treated in the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Department of the Pedro Borras Astorga Polyclinic in Pinar del Río during the year 2024.

Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a universe of 154 patients with hemiplegia and the sample of 126 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, to whom the Barthel Scale was applied. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used.

Results: patients of the male sex (55.5%) and between 60 and 69 years of age (43.6%) predominated in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.001). Ischemic cerebrovascular disease was the most frequent (69.8%). Hemiplegias with an acute evolution predominated (51.5%). Most hemiplegic patients started rehabilitation treatment in the first three months of evolution (62.6%) and 94 patients (74.6%) are independent, according to the applied Barthel Index.

Conclusions: hemiplegias resulting from cerebrovascular diseases constitute a health problem in patients in the Pedro Borras Astorga health area of ​​Pinar del Río, with a higher incidence in men in their sixth decade of life, who suffered from ischemic cerebrovascular disease, with an acute evolution of hemiplegia, who started treatment early and became independent according to the Barthel Index.